Method of making and treating paper



Dec. 6, 1932.

F. G. CRANE 1,889,851

METHOD OF MAKING AND TREATING PAPER Filed Jan. 10, 1931 INVENTOR FrankG. Crane ATTORNEYs Patented Dec. 6, 1932 t t I UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE FRANK G. CRANE, OF MONTAGUE, MICHIGAN METHOD OF MAKING ANDTREATING PAPER Application filed January 10, 1931. Serial No. 507,802.

The main objects of this invention are: tank 5, one of these rollersbeing provided First, to provide an improved method of with screwadjusting means. making paper which results in a superior From the tank5 the web passes into a secproduct and at the same time reduces the costnd tank 10 which has guide rollers 11 and of reduction, 12 arrangedtherein to guide the web through 55 econd, to provide a method of makinor the solution within the tank, and is prefertreating paper whichresults in a pro uct ably provided with a set of squeeze or gaginghaving the qualities of coated paper, which rollers 13. is very flexibleand may be repeatedly folded It 1s desired to state, however, thatcertain without cracking as ordinarily results from steps of my improvedmethod may be practo h y t d papers, t1ced w1th paper that has beenpreviously Third, to provide a, method of producing formed andcompletely dried, that is, the papaper having these advantages in whichper Web 1s formedas a separate step instead light weight papers may beprodu d or of part of the continuous operation as is pos 15 treated torender them entirely opaque. slble with the apparatus illustrated.

Fourth, to provide a method of produc- My improved method comprisesforming i paper h i th advantages f t d the paper without filler, slzesor precipitant paper produced by the usual methods which u h as are thecommon practice where the eliminates the coating apparatus, drying slzmgand filler are added to the stock prior rooms, and materials commonlyemployed in t0 f0rm1ng the W is P r i y 70 th ind t dr1ed as by means ofdrying cylinders indi- Objects pertaining to details and economies Gatedat 2 n the Wmg, and is then passed of my nvent on W111 definitely appearfrom iIltO a bath or solution comprising silicate 0f the description tofollow. The invention is a, S rch or other suitable binder, glydefi ed ithe l im cerm and soap. The following proportions The manner f carryingt my i ti Wlll be found very satisfactory: silicate of is illustrated inthe accompanying drawing, Q approxlmately 50%; starch or other in whichFigs. 1 and 2 are complementary fl appr xlmately, 25%; glycerm,apdiagrammatic conventionalized illustrations proxlmately S ap,apprpxlmately 1 of n apparatus hi h may b l d i preferably 111 the formof whlte or uncolored so the practice of my method or process. p ps- Inthis drawing 1 represents a, paper mak.' The guide rollers 6 and 7 areRIOVldGd t0 ing machine of 'the Fourdrinier type, 2 a lnsure thesubmergmgof the web in the solugroup of drying rolls and 3 a secondgroup of. t F the Web Is entll'ely p gi l 85 drying rolls, both of whichare operatively mg Passage gh t Solutloll- AS 1t associated with thepaper making machine. P from the tank 5 1t 15 acted p y the 4 representsa calendering machine which is gagmg or Squeezmg rollers 9 Whlch removethe excess-and should be adjusted in accordopei'atwelltisassocmted w1ththe Second set of ance with the character of the surface coating 40drymg r0 V on the fini hed paper Between the sets of drymg rolls 2 F d IFrom these gaging rollers 9 the web is passiggg gfi g g g gigg g gfigggg sfig ed into the second tank 10 and through a solution which acts toconvert at least a substancomlnses a tank dlspqsed at the rear of thetial portion of the silicate of soda. I have drying rolls 2 having gulderollers 6 and 7 arfound that the second bath ranged therem so that web Pr of oxalic acid, formaldehyde or liquid chlo- Ca'ted at 8 18 p s m t yg Y Q F rine, and aluminum sulphate; or, if preferred, 2 into thesolution or l1qu1d contained wit-hm i t d f a li id 3 gas f d f l i thetank 5. A set of gaging rollers 9 is arsulphate or liquid chlorine maybe employed ranged to act on the web as it passes from the as theconverting agent. Where liquid is em- 100 may be a solution ployed asecond set of squeeze rollers is prefv made and dried independently ofthe other steps. Of course, where an uncalendered product is desired,the calendering may be omitted.

The result of the treatment is a white coatin and filling for the paperwhich may be cal endered as a Satin White coated sheet produced by theusual methods. The weight of the paper is very materially increased bythe treatment, the materials employed are much more economical than thechina clay or Satin -White commonly employed as fillers and coating, andthe use of sizing and alum or other fixative commonly employed iseliminated.

A further advantage of my invention is that the coated sheet is veryflexible, particularly where glycerin is employed as an ingredient, anddoes not dry out or become brittle.

A still further advantage is that light weight paper is renderedentirely opaque, making it practical to use light weight papers forpurposes for which it has heretofore been possible to use only theheavier sheets.

The strength of the sheet is also very greatly increased.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. The method of making paper comprising forming a web without sizing orprecipitant, partially drying, passing the partially dried web through ali uid bath comprising silicate of soda approximately 50%, starchapproximately 25%, glycerine approximate- 1y 15%, and uncolored soapapproximately 10%, passing between gaging rolls, passing through asolution acting to convert a substantial portion of the silicate ofsoda, and

' drying.

2. The method of making paper comprising forming a web without sizing orprecipitant, partially drying, passing the partially dried web through aliquid bath comprising silicate of soda, starch, glycerin, and soap,passing through a solution acting to convert a substantial portion ofthe silicate of soda, and drying. .3. The method of making papercomprising forming a web without size or precipitant, partially drying,impregnating the partially dried web with a solution comprising silicateof soda, a binder, glycerin and soap 1n approximately the proportionsspecified, subjecting to a medium act-ing to convert 'a substantialportion of the silicate of soda, drying, and calendering.

' cate of soda, and

4. The method of making paper comprising forming a web without size orprecipitant, partially drying, impregnating the partially dried web witha solution comprising silicate of soda, a binder, glycerin and soap inapproximately the proportions specified, and subjecting to a mediumacting to convert a substantial portion of the silicate of soda.

5. The method of making paper comprising forming a web without filler,partially drying, passing the partially dried web through a bathcontaining a substantial proportion of silicate of soda, passing througha second bath containin a chemical acting to partially convert a sustantial portion of the silicate of soda, and drying.

6. A method of making paper comprising forming a web without filler,partially drying, passing the partially dried web through a bathcontaining a substantial proportion of silicate of soda, and subjectingto a medium acting to partially convert a substantial portion of thesilicate of soda.

7. The method of treating paper consisting of passing an unsized web ofpaper through a liquid bath comprising silicate of soda approximately50%, starch approximately 25%,

glycerin approximately 15%, and uncolored soap approximately 10%,passing between gaging rolls, passing through a solution acting toconvert a substantial portion of the silicate of soda, and drying.

8. The method of treating paper consisting of passing an unsized web ofpaper through a liquid bath comprising silicate of soda, a binder, andglycerin, passing between gaging rolls, passing through a solutionacting toconvert a substantial portion of the silicate of soda, anddrying.

9. The method of.treating an unsized unfilled paper comprisingimpregnating with a solution comprising silicate of soda, a binder,glycerin and soap, subjecting to a medium acting to convert asubstantial portion of the silicate of soda, drying, and calendering.

10. The method of treating an unsized unfilled paper comprisingimpregnating with a solution comprising silicate of soda, a binder, andglycerin, subjecting to a medium acting to convert a substantial portionof the silidrying.

11. The method of treating paper consisting of impregnating an unfilledunsized paper with a solution containing a substantial proportion ofsilicate of soda and a binder, thereafter treating the impregnated paperto convert a substantial portion of the siliconvert a substantialportion of the silicate I of soda, and drying.

13. The method of treating paper consisting of impregnating paper with asolution containing a substantial proportion of silicate of soda andsoap, thereafter treating the impregnated paper to convert a substantialportion of the silicate of soda, drying, and calendering.

14. The method of treating paper consisting of impregnating paper with asolution containing a substantial proportion of silicate of soda,thereafter treating the impregnated paper to convert a substantialportion of the silicate of soda, and drying.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand.

FRANK G. CRANE.

